Vol. 11, Issue 3 (2022)

Author(s):
Piyusha Singh, Akanksha Tiwari, Vimlesh Kumar and Alok Kumar Singh

Abstract:
Today’s era, Recent advancements in the area of -omics of crops have facilitated effect on plant response to environmental stresses and identification of epigenetic marks. As climate change effects the crop growth, so there is need to develop climate resilient crop variety. As germplasm plateu occur in many crops so there is need to examine genes from wild variety, which are high yielding and resistant to climate change. As global warming occur temperature fluctuation rate is very high. To better adapt genetics and epigenetics transiently or lastingly to stimuli from the surrounding environment, the chromatin states in plant cells vary to allow the cells to fine tune their transcriptional profiles. Conceptually genetics deals with gene function and genes whereas epigenetics deals with gene regulations. Modifications in chromatin states include a wide range of histone post-transcriptional modifications, histone variants, DNA methylation and non-coding RNAs, which can arrange various chromatin states that epigenetically determine specific transcriptional outputs. Specifically genetics focuses on how DNA sequences changes in the cell while epigenetics focuses on how DNA is regulated to achieve those changes. This has paved the way to exploitation of epigenetic variation in crop breeding. That helps to develop climate resilient crop varieties.