Vol. 11, Issue 8 (2022)

Author(s):
Dr. S Katyaayani, Dr. A Sarat Chandra, Dr. DBV Ramana, Dr. RMV Prasad and Dr. D Sreenivas

Abstract:
A study was conducted to assess the impact of increasing temperature and carbon dioxide on the quality of maize fodder (stems and leaves) grown as livestock feed with recommended package of practices in the CTGC chambers under four set of environmental conditions (a) Reference (ambient temperature and carbon dioxide i.e., 27±0.5 ºC and 380±25ppm CO₂), (b) Chamber with temperature gradient of 5±0.5 °C Over reference and referred as elevated temperature (e-Temp), (c) Chamber with elevated CO2 concentration of 550±50ppm with temperature gradient 5±0.5 °C Over reference referred as elevated carbon dioxide and temperature (eCO2+eTemp) and (d) Chamber with elevated CO₂ concentration of 550±50ppm referred as elevated carbon dioxide (eCO₂). Leaf and stem portion of maize fodder at milking stage were screened by proximate, Vansoest, energy content, minerals were estimated by ICP method. Higher (p < 0.05) dry matter, Ash, ADL, ADF and cellulose per cent were found both in leaves and stem of the maize fodder grown under elevated temperature (e-Temp) environmental conditions. Organic matter and Crude protein content were found highest (p < 0.05) at the ambient temperature. Growing maize under elevated carbon dioxide and temperature (eCO2+e-Temp) environmental conditions increased (p < 0.05) NDF and Hemicellulose contents both in leaves and stem. Significantly (p < 0.05) higher Crude fibre content in stem was found in the maize grown under elevated temperature, whereas in leaves under elevated carbon dioxide and temperature (eCO2+e-Temp). A non-significant increase in Ether extract was observed in stem of maize fodder grown under elevated temperature, but it was highest (p < 0.05) at ambient temperature conditions in leaves. NFE in stem was highest (p < 0.05) at elevated carbon dioxide, whereas in the leaves highest (p <0.05) was found at ambient temperature. Leaf portion of the maize fodder grown in carbon dioxide and temperature gradient chambers (CTGC) differed significantly (p < 0.05) in Iron (Fe) and Copper (Cu) content (ppm), whereas comparable in zinc (Zn) and Manganese (Mn) content. However, in stem portion of the maize fodder grown in carbon dioxide and temperature gradient chambers (CTGC) differed significantly (p <0.05) in Iron (Fe) and Manganese (Mn) content and comparable in zinc (Zn) and Copper (Cu) content.