Vol. 11, Issue 9 (2022)

Author(s):
Pooja Khatkar, Kulwinder Singh and Vijeta Kumari

Abstract:
Transition metals with various oxidation states are proved to be very crucial biochemical components that perform several indispensable biochemical processes for living beings. They help to make a strong interaction with various numbers of high anionic chelating ligands. In the past, metal-based compounds were widely used in the treatment of disease conditions, but the lack of clear distinction between the therapeutic and toxic doses was a major challenge. This activity of transition metals in complex led to the current development of drugs molecules which are based on charge density of metals and are considered to be potent molecules for pharmacotherapy actions. It possesses preclinical pharmacological screenings like anti-microbial action, anti-inflammatory affect and anti-tumor power of newly synthetic various transition metal ligands complexes. Metal ligands complex possess antibacterial activity that help to get rid from antibiotic resistance is a growing threat in the treatment of bacterial diseases. Platinum drugs, such as cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin, are the mainstay of the metal-based compounds in the treatment of cancer. In line with this, many more metal-based compounds have been synthesized by redesigning the existing chemical structure through ligand substitution or building the entire new compound with enhanced safety and cytotoxic profile. However, because of increased emphasis on the clinical relevance of metal-based complexes, a few of these drugs are currently on clinical trial and many more are awaiting ethical approval to join the trial. The present article illustrates the role of metals and the recent progress in the field of medicinal bioinorganic chemistry regarding innovative metal-based drugs and their application.