Vol. 11, Issue 11 (2022)

Author(s):
Debadatta Sethi and K Kusumavathi

Abstract:
Rhizobia in crop and pasture legumes' root nodules fix nitrogen symbiotically, which has significant positive effects on the environment and the economy. There are several techniques to boost nitrogen fixation, but the most of them would raise the price of photosynthate proportionately. The poor performance of crops that produce more nodules suggests that this may reduce rather than boost yields. The likelihood that past natural selection would have missed simple (i.e., commonly occurring through mutation) and fitness-enhancing trade-off-free enhancements to nitrogen fixation is one explanation for such failures. Numerous plants and rhizobial mutants that indiscriminately boost the allocation of resources to nitrogen fixation are thought to have regularly emerged but perished because the costs of survival outweighed the advantages. However, increasing nitrogen-fixation efficiency might be feasible through more intricate genetic alterations or by embracing trade-offs that natural selection has rejected. Native strains enhancing the crop productivity, nodular characteristics and maintaining better soil health.