Vol. 11, Issue 12 (2022)

This study on “An Economic Analysis of Production and marketing of Cotton in Haryana” was conducted in Sirsa and Hisar district which were selected purposively due to more areas under Cotton Crop and more production compared to other districts of Haryana.

240 farmers were selected proportionately and randomly to farm’s size. The category i.e. small, medium and large were found through cumulative total method. Primary data were collected for the year 2005-06 to calculate cost and returns yield gaps etc. of American, Desi and Bt cotton. Secondary data was obtained to find seasonal indices from 1980-81 to 2008-09 of arrivals and prices. Cobb-Douglas production function was fitted used to find regression coefficients and marginal value productivity, tabular and percentages were used for the study. Some production and marketing problems and constrains were examined through well knit questions in the schedule.

The net returns of overall farms of American, Desi and Bt cotton for Sirsa and Hisar district were found Rs.1312.20, Rs.705.33 and Rs.2789.08 and Rs.1222.45, Rs.550.10 and Rs.2341.91. However large farms were observed more profitable than small and medium farms. The yield gap I and II in Sirsa and Hisar district for American, Desi cotton were calculated as 3.29 qtls and 3.82 qtls per acres and 2.29 qtls and 2.32. The gaps were made in Desi cotton compared to American cotton in both the districts. Marketing channel I i.e. Production-Ginning mill was found more efficient than the other two channels i.e. producer-wholeseller-ginning mill and producer-commission agent- ginning mill.

Seasonal indices for both arrivals and prices were studied and found that from November to February the indices were more than hundred for arrivals and prices in all three periods for American and Desi cotton. Bt cotton was more income generating and less insecticide-pesticide using crop than American cotton. R2 were found 93%, 66%, 85% and 83%, 74%, 91% in American, Desi and Bt cotton in Sirsa and Hisar district. Non-availability of quality seed and labour and insecticides- pesticides lack of technical knowledge were reported in very high percentage by the farmers. Low price of cotton, lack of infrastructure, lack of extension and marketing services were also existing. Storage facilities were lacking in both the districts. The study has wide policy implications like enhancing Bt cotton, and proper use of input and output mix to increase income of the farmers.