Vol. 12, Issue 3 (2023)

Eye is a unique and highly complex organ in terms of structure and function. It is a very sensitive organ, the function of which may be affected even with mild insult to its homeostasis (Andrade et al., 2005). Occular affections are increasing day by day and are found maximum in Spitz (65%) and least in Dalmatian and Beagle (0.12%). Male animals are found mostly affected (60%).

Therefore early and correct diagnosis of ocular disorders is essential to a successful clinical result and a satisfied client. Investigation of a patient with ocular disease includes taking a thorough and directed history and performing a complete examination of the ocular and periocular structures, in some cases augmented by specialized diagnostic testing as directed by the history and examination findings (Maggs et al., 2018).

Nowadays, many of the specialized and advanced tests and instruments are being used in veterinary ophthalmology. Some of the example of tests performed are Neuro-ophthalmic examinations, Schirmer tear test, Fluorescein test etc. The equipments which are being used for diagnostic purpose, few of them are Ophthalmoscope, Tonometer, Pachymeter, Retinoscope and Gonioscope etc.

Some specialty is required for the handling of these equipments, therefore need to develop some skills. The recordings which we’ll get, will serve to expand our knowledge and understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the visual system, to study pathological and disease processes in the eye and to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities of ophthalmologists.