Vol. 12, Issue 2 (2023)

Author(s):
Rakesh Chouraddi, Sachin Kumar, Prashant Raju Gujjalkar, Vinay VV and Banakar PS

Abstract:
Antimicrobials are used to treat illnesses like calf scour and maintain performance. Animals that receive antibiotics as nutritional modifiers may experience changes in the makeup of their gut bacteria due to the emergence of resistant strains or the spread of resistance genes to other bacteria. Since growing concern about antibiotic resistance, its impact on the environment and chemical residue persistence in animal products, probiotics as an alternative feed additive have been developed to improve animal health and productivity. FAO/WHO defines probiotics as live microorganisms which, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. Probiotics should improve the native microflora's attributes or the gut microbial balance, which will benefit the host animal. The status of these microorganisms is "generally recognised as safe" (GRAS). As lactic acid bacteria have the ability to significantly modify the microenvironment in the GIT through their metabolites and inhibitory compounds, they can be employed as helpful microorganisms, or probiotics. They have different modes of preventing pathogen colonisation and activity. This review paper provides a better understanding of Probiotic Concept, Characteristics, mode of action and benefits for farm animals.