Vol. 12, Issue 3 (2023)

Author(s):
Karthiga P, S Senthilkumar, S Srivignesh and S Manivannan

Abstract:
The human diet heavily relies on vegetables as a significant source of biologically active nutraceuticals. It has lately been investigated as a viable alternative for the management and prevention of numerous ailments. Due to their safety, effectiveness, possible nutritional value, and therapeutic effects, they have attracted a lot of interest in the diet. Phytoestrogens, terpenoids, carotenoids, limonoids, phytosterols, glucosinolates, polyphenols, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, and anthocyanidins are a few examples of nutraceuticals. They have a significant influence on the healthcare system and may offer medical advantages, such as the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and physiological abnormalities. In order to breed cultivars with better nutritional qualities, it is necessary to identify the plant compounds that are significant for human nutrition. This can be done using both traditional and molecular breeding techniques. The attempts made using traditional breeding techniques have been ineffective and slow. Nutraceutical breeding is becoming simpler as a result of the recent advancements in high throughput omics technologies. Omics technologies indicate a comprehensive method for characterizing and quantifying a biological organism's genes, transcripts, proteins, and metabolites, which are referred to as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, respectively. In order to enhance the nutraceutical qualities of vegetables, high throughput omics techniques along with bioinformatics tools are therefore needed. These techniques also hold tremendous potential for lowering the time and expense associated with quality breeding.