Vol. 12, Issue 4 (2023)

Author(s):
Annu Yadav, Gauri Chandratre, Maneesh Sharma and Paras Saini

Abstract:
Cell culture entails intricate steps for removing cells from their natural environments (in vivo) and then allowing them to develop in a controlled, artificial environment (in vitro). In order to isolate dangerous viruses, it is necessary to have access to authorised cell cultures. Cells from certain tissues or organs are cultivated as short-term or established cell lines, which are frequently used for research and diagnosis. By using virus isolation in cell culture as the "gold standard" for virus discovery, cell culture provides the necessary environment for the detection and identification of a variety of diseases. The opinions of scientists on the current application of cell culture technologies in the diagnosis of diseases are compiled in this review. Recent technical advancements, from the creation of monoclonal antibodies to molecular methods, have made it possible to detect the presence of viral infection. They serve as a starting point for developing quick testing for recently discovered diseases. The discovery of previously unknown viruses still depends on a mix of virus isolation in cell culture and molecular techniques. As a result, cell culture should be viewed as a crucial step in determining the probable infectious viral pathogen.