Vol. 12, Issue 5 (2023)

Author(s):
Meghana J, KN Ravi Kumar, KB Vedamurthy, K Uma Devi, Srinivasa Rao and M Rama Devy

Abstract:
Groundnut is one of the major oilseed crops cultivating in India with an area of 5.57 Mha and 10.2 Mt production. India is the second largest exporter of groundnut in the world with export of 3.8 Mt to around 132 countries worth of Rs. 53810 million during the year 2020-21. The secondary data on area, production, productivity, export and import value of groundnut from India and world was collected from 1995 to 2020 by using various sources like Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), Directorate of Economics and Statistics and Ministry of Farmers and welfare, Government. of India. There is an increasing trend in growth rate of production, productivity, export and import of Groundnut during the overall period (1995-96 to 2020-21) at 0.74, 2.50, 13.85 and 18.83 percent respectively. There was a negative trend in area and production during the I period (1995-96 to 2010- 11) with -1.76 and -0.54 percent respectively and During the second period (2011-12 to 2020-21) area, production, productivity and import was having positive growth rate with 0.57,4.73,4.14, and 44.51 percent respectively and in the same sub period India had an RCA more than 1, ranged from 1.23 to 3.13 which means that India enjoyed comparative advantage in the export of groundnut during the study period, this is supported by the positive value of RSCA ranged from 0.10 to 0.52. Trade pattern indicated by transition probability matrix showed that Thailand and others losing its stability with the probability retention of 9 and 7 percent respectively. Vietnam, China (main land), Ukraine, Russian Federation, Algeria and United Arab Emirates were the unstable importers of shelled Groundnut as those countries completely lost its share to other importer countries with zero retention of its previous share. As there is instability in the credibility of importing countries and fluctuation in the comparative advantage values, steps should be taken to strengthen the export of groundnut from India.