Vol. 12, Issue 4 (2023)

Author(s):
Vijay Pandurang Kapale, Chenesh Patel, Sanjeev Agrawal and RM Srivastava

Abstract:
Defense responses are an additional energy consuming step in plant development. Ideally, a plant recognizes distinct pathogens and employs specific pathways against them. Classical phytohormones, such as auxin, cytokinin (CK), brassinosteroid (BR), abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), ethylene (ET), jasmonate (JA) and the recently identified strigolactones (SLs), coordinate effective defense responses by activating complex network by defense gene expression. The SA-and JA/ET-mediated signaling pathways were thought to be the backbone of plant immune responses against biotic invaders. In general, the SA plays a central role in local and systemic-acquired resistance (SAR) against biotrophic pathogens, while JA/ET-mediated defense response contributes mainly against necrotrophic pathogens. Increasing evidence indicates that the SA- and JA/ ET-mediated defense response pathways are mutually antagonistic to each other.