Vol. 12, Issue 5 (2023)

Author(s):
Zarzoliani, Sivaraman Ramanarayanan, Sushree Sangita Mohapatra and Anshita Sinha

Abstract:
The fight against agricultural and household pests accompanies the history of humanity, and chemicals have long been used to control pests. Despite environmental and health concerns, a total ban on the use of pesticides seems unlikely in the predictable future. Currently, less than 1% of the total amount of pesticides applied for weed and pest control reach the target pests therefore, chances of environmental exposure and exposure to non-target species is a legitimate concern. Efforts are being done to synthesize highly selective pesticides with less environmental side effects. Indoxacarb (IDX), is one of such pesticides and was introduced as a highly selective insecticide effecting sodium channel of insects. It is a member of new oxadiazine class of insecticide with an excellent activity against lepidopteran pests as well as those insects that have developed resistance to organophosphate (OP) and carbamate insecticides. In this review, various studies on the toxicity of IDX are discussed in order to enhance the understanding of indoxacarb toxicity, as accidental ingestion by livestock and subsequent chronic exposure may pose a threat to the health of animals.