Vol. 12, Issue 6 (2023)

Author(s):
Bhangare Rupali V, Pravin Prakash and UP Singh

Abstract:
A field experiment was conducted during 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 at the Agricultural Research Farm, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (UP) India. Field experiments were laid out in split plot design replicated thrice with four crop establishment methods viz., CT (puddled transplanted) rice– CT (Conventional Tillage) wheat (CE1), CTDSR rice–CT wheat (CE2), CTDSR–ZT (Zero Tillage) wheat (rice residue retention) (CE₃), ZT rice–ZT wheat (residue retention in rice and wheat) (CE₄) in main plots and three nutrient management practices viz., FP (Farmers Practice) (164 kg N (Nitrogen), 50 kg P₂O₅ (Phosphate), 32 kg K₂O (Potassium) and 4 kg Zn ha^-1) (N₁), RFD (Recommended Fertilizer Dose) (150 kg N, 60 kg P₂O₅, 60 kg K₂O and 5 kg Zn ha^-1) (N₂) and SSNM- RWCM recommendation (N₃). The treatments on crop establishment methods and nutrient management practices is being carried out in the same plots since 2011 as a long term study and our growth and physiological observations was recorded at 9^th and 10^th year of experimentation. Crop establishment methods and nutrient management practices differed significantly in respect to growth, physiological, some of the yield attributes and grain yield of rice. Among crop establishment methods, recorded data revealed that ZT rice–ZT wheat recorded maximum plant height, tillers hill^-1, functional leaves hill^-1, leaf area, total dry matter hill^-1, LAI, CGR, SLW, LAD, panicles hill^-1, fertility per cent, filled grains panicle^-1 and grain yield hill^-1 and the least values for above parameters were recorded in CT (puddled transplanted) rice– CT wheat. Spikelets panicle^-1 and test weight did not differ significantly among different crop establishment methods. SSNM (Site-Specific Nutrient Management)-RWCM (Rice-Wheat Crop Manager) (N₃) recorded significantly higher growth, physiological and yield attributes of rice over farmers’ practice (N₁) and it was superior or at par with recommended fertilizer dose (N₂).