Vol. 12, Issue 5 (2023)

Nitrogen is a critical input involved in plant metabolism growth and indifferent biochemical processes. Nitrogen participates directly in amino acid, protein and other cellular component syntheses, which are required for plant growth and development. Therefore, nitrogen application greatly influences starch and protein composition and, very little information is available on the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on protein content and starch components with little emphasis on quality characteristics. Therefore, field trial was carried out to investigate the impact of different nitrogen levels (40 kg ha^-1, 80 kg ha^-1 and 120 kg ha^-1) was studied to assess their effects on biochemical attributes likes, nitrogen content, protein content, starch content, photosynthesis pigment – chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and SPAD value contributing to yield of 20 Rice genotypes during 2016-2017 at experimental field of Department of Plant Physiology, IGKV, Raipur (C.G.). Nitrogen and other fertilizers (P and K) were applied in the form of Urea, SSP and MOP respectively. The experiment was carried out in a Split Plot Design with three main plot (N levels) and 20 sub plot (Rice genotypes) with two replications.

The objective of this study was to improve the understanding of interaction between the nitrogen doses and biochemical and molecular improvement of rice genotypes. Thus, recognition of such rice cultivar is essential in developing high yielding varieties that can survive in low nitrogen condition. In this experiment, results revealed that increasing nitrogen levels significantly enhanced the nitrogen content, protein content, starch content, SPAD value and photosynthetic pigment i.e. chlorophyll ‘a’ (mg gm^-1), chlorophyll ‘b’ (mg gm^-1) and total chlorophyll (mg gm^-1) of rice, due to improved biosynthesis of chlorophyll and enzymatic activity. Nitrogen have a efficiency, including biochemical attributes and photosynthetic ability which depends on the chlorophyll content of plant and offer significant role in realizing higher crop yield.