Vol. 12, Issue 8 (2023)

This study was conducted to understand the different extraction methods viz conventional, microwave-assisted extraction, and ultrasound-assisted extraction by extracting the betalain pigments from the waste stalks of Celosia cristata and the influence of process parameters viz, extraction time, ultrasound power, microwave power, and the ratio of liquid to solid.

Experiments were conducted using the single-factor experiment design wherein one factor was varied at a time keeping other factors constant. Variables selected for the experiment were Temperature (25, 40, 50 °C) & Time (1, 2, 3 h) in case of conventional extraction; Power (150, 175, 200,225, 250 W), Time 10 min, 20 min, 30 min, 40 min, Liquid-Solid ratio (ml/g)10, 20, 30, 40,50 in ultrasound-assisted extraction and Power (160, 320,480,640, 800 W), Time (15, 30, 45, 60, 75 seconds), Liquid-Solid ratio in ml/g (10, 20, 30, 40,50) in microwave-assisted extraction.

The analysis showed the betalain production for betacyanin ranged from 2.98 mg/g dw to 7.02 mg/g dw. The analysis shows that the highest betalain content observed was found to be at 4.46, 5.82, and 7.02mg/g dw in the case of Conventional, Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction, and Microwave-Assisted Extraction respectively.