Vol. 12, Issue 10 (2023)

Author(s):
Tikendrajit Saikia, Jahnabi Hazarika, Kishore Kumar Kurmi and Dipankar Gogoi

Abstract:
Multiple worldwide dangers now confront humanity. They consist of a pandemic and the resulting economic turmoil, food insecurity, poverty, climate change, conflicts, degradation of land and water, and a decline in biodiversity. When the planet is not healthy, neither the economy nor the people can thrive. Climate change, biodiversity loss, and the appearance of new diseases are all exacerbated by environmental degradation. Trees and forests have the potential to play crucial roles in mitigating these crises and fostering the transition to more sustainable economic models. The United Nations Strategic Plan for Forests sets a goal of increasing forest area by 3 percent worldwide by 2030, however the world is not on track to fulfil this target (FAO, 2022). Afforestation projects are essential for forest management, and as a result, they can aid in the fight against global warming and assist build climate resilience in areas where a sizable population depends on trees for survival. Forests and trees offer obvious potential as large-scale, cost-effective, and fair solutions that may be adopted quickly. Greening of fragmented and degraded lands is accomplished at cheap cost by seed ball multiplication. This method can counteract the effects of biotic and abiotic stresses that reduce seed germination and viability. Even in low-supply environments, it can be put to good use to improve seedling germination, growth, and survival.