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- E-ISSN Number: 2277-7695
- P-ISSN Number: 2349-8242
- CODEN Code: PIHNBQ
- ZDB-Number: 2663038-2
- IC Journal ID: 7725
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Vol. 12, Issue 12 (2023)
Biology of okra shoot and fruit borer, Earias vittella (Fabricius)
Author(s):
MG Nandaniya, HV Patel and SK Chawda
MG Nandaniya, HV Patel and SK Chawda
Abstract:
Study was carried out on Biology of okra shoot and fruit borer, Earias vittella (Fabricius)” on okra (GAO 5) at N. M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari during summer 2022. It was found that female laid eggs singly or in small groups of 2 to 3 eggs on tender shoot and hairy part of okra fruit. The freshly laid eggs were bluish green in colour, small in size, spherical in shape and parallel longitudinal ridges projecting upward and gave it crowned appearance. The incubation period of eggs varied from 2 to 5 days (3.40±1.01 days) while, hatchability was 74.37±3.13 percent. Larvae passed through four instars. The newly hatched larva was light creamy in colour with dark brown head capsule later on turned black in colour. Freshly molted second instar larvae were light brown in colour with white dots on dorsal surface of body whereas, third instar larvae were darker in colour with prominent white and orange spots on dorsal side of body. The fourth instar larvae were dark brown to purple in colour, head was blackish in colour with well developed mouth parts. The average first, second, third and fourth instars larval duration was recorded as 2.04±0.74, 1.36±0.48, 2.26±0.65 and 3.18±0.86 days, respectively. Total larval period was 8.83±1.25 days.
Study was carried out on Biology of okra shoot and fruit borer, Earias vittella (Fabricius)” on okra (GAO 5) at N. M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari during summer 2022. It was found that female laid eggs singly or in small groups of 2 to 3 eggs on tender shoot and hairy part of okra fruit. The freshly laid eggs were bluish green in colour, small in size, spherical in shape and parallel longitudinal ridges projecting upward and gave it crowned appearance. The incubation period of eggs varied from 2 to 5 days (3.40±1.01 days) while, hatchability was 74.37±3.13 percent. Larvae passed through four instars. The newly hatched larva was light creamy in colour with dark brown head capsule later on turned black in colour. Freshly molted second instar larvae were light brown in colour with white dots on dorsal surface of body whereas, third instar larvae were darker in colour with prominent white and orange spots on dorsal side of body. The fourth instar larvae were dark brown to purple in colour, head was blackish in colour with well developed mouth parts. The average first, second, third and fourth instars larval duration was recorded as 2.04±0.74, 1.36±0.48, 2.26±0.65 and 3.18±0.86 days, respectively. Total larval period was 8.83±1.25 days.
The pupa was boat shaped cocoon and light brown to dark brown in colour. The average pre-pupal and pupal period was 1.34±0.47 and 7.90±0.80 days, respectively. Adults were soft bodied, pale white in colour with green longitudinal wedged shaped bend in the middle of forewings while, hind wings were pale white in colour. The last abdominal segment of male was roundish, while in case of female it was pointed having tuft of hair. Longevity of male and female was 9.75±1.97 and 11.75±2.40 days, respectively. The total life cycle occupied 30 to 45 days (35.25±3.92 days) by male and 33 to 47 days (38.80±4.22 days) by female. The average sex ratio of male and female was 1:0.70±0.12. The average pre-oviposition, oviposition, post-oviposition periods were 1.45±0.66, 6.20±1.16 and 4.35±1.62 days, respectively. The average fecundity of female was 269.10±71.61 eggs.
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How to cite this article:
MG Nandaniya, HV Patel, SK Chawda. Biology of okra shoot and fruit borer, Earias vittella (Fabricius). Pharma Innovation 2023;12(12):3257-3262.
Journal code(s)
- E-ISSN Number: 2277-7695
- P-ISSN Number: 2349-8242
- CODEN Code: PIHNBQ
- ZDB-Number: 2663038-2
- IC Journal ID: 7725
Main Menu
Special Issue
Copyright Form
Identifier
The Pharma Innovation Journal
