Vol. 12, Issue 12 (2023)

Author(s):
Anjana Arun, RK Ranjan, CS Choudhary and Bimla Rai

Abstract:
Sheath rot of rice (Oryza sativa L.) caused by Sarocladium oryzae (Swada) W. Gams & D Hawksw is an important disease of rice inflicting heavy losses in all agro-climatic conditions of Bihar. Survey has been conducted during Kharif 2021 and Kharif 2022, seasons to observe natural occurrence of sheath rot of rice prevailing in agro-climatic conditions of Bihar in order to assess the recent disease scenario in changing climatic conditions. Different locations of Samastipur, Muzaffarpur, Vaishali, Darbhanga, Saran, Ara and Buxar district were surveyed and it has been observed that Sheath rot were occurring at varying degree of incidence and causing losses to the crop. The incidence of sheath rot was highest amongst all the districts surveyed and was more prevalent in Samastipur district in both Kharif 2021 and 2022 season, with 43.2 per cent and 46.7 per cent of disease incidence, respectively, while the lowest disease incidence was recorded in Saran district, with 28.5 per cent and 26.6 per cent during 2021 and 2022. In respect of severity also it was highest (46.7 & 37.6% respectively) in Samastipur district in both the season. Observation from survey report, it had been concluded that sheath rot disease was prevalent in all the areas in the agro-climatic conditions as a whole and was congenial in changing climate for the development of sheath rot disease in Bihar.