Vol. 12, Issue 12 (2023)

Author(s):
Seema Tomar

Abstract:
In terms of formulation design and bioavailability of new pharmaceutical products, about 40% of drugs have low solubility in water, which presents a difficulty in the development of the ideal oral solid dosage form. Many methods have been employed to get around these issues, including changing the solubility or keeping the medicine dissolved during the stomach transit time. Lipid solutions, emulsions, and emulsion pre-concentrates, which can be created as physically stable formulations ideal for encapsulating such weakly soluble medicines, have received a lot of interest. Recently, a lot of attention has been paid to oral dosage forms that use a self-micro-emulsifying drug delivery system in order to increase the solubility and absorption of drugs that are not highly water soluble. SMEDDS are physically stable, easy to manufacture, and can be filled in soft gelatin capsules. A combination of a drug, an oil, a surfactant, and/or other additives make up SMEDDS. Micro-emulsions with droplet sizes between 10 and 100 nm are produced when these substances are gently mixed in aqueous solutions. Rapid self-micro emulsification in the stomach and subsequent dispersion of emulsion droplets into the gastrointestinal tract to reach the sites of absorption are the mechanisms by which SMEDDS have been shown to boost drug absorption. SMEDDS's unique components stimulate the intestinal lymphatic transport of pharmaceuticals, and the resultant small droplet size from SMEDDS offers a high interfacial surface area for drug release and absorption. SMEDDS has also improved the oral absorption of various drugs. The goal of this review is to give a brief overview of SMEDDS formulation, potential methods for enhancing bioavailability, and assessments of those methods.