Vol. 7, Issue 10 (2018)

Author(s):
Goutam Mukhopadhyay, Shramana Sarkar, Snehashis Kundu, Shymodip Kundu, Pintu Sarkar, Srotoswini Sarkar, Riyanka Sengupta, Chandan Kumar, Sanchita Mitra, Dixita Jain, Akshay Sodani, Debasmita Manna and Trique Nazar

Abstract:
Natural products from plants are rich sources used for treating a number of diseases. In this modern era, the knowledge and experience of the usage of herbs are being blend with advanced technology to develop a safe and elegant herbal product. Hence herbal medicines are the staple of medical treatment in many developing countries. Ethno-medicines deal with the use of several health promoting cultural practices and the use of natural products for the prevention and treatment of diseases, as well as for the maintenance of optimal physical and emotional health. Solanum nigrum ("black nightshade") plays an important role in traditional medicines which is a widely used in oriental medicine where it is considered to be an anti-tumorigenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, diuretic, and antipyretic agent. The juice of the plant used on ulcers and other skin diseases & the fruits are used as a laxative, appetite stimulant, and for treating asthma and "excessive thirst". It is also confirmed through several experiments that the plant inhibits growth of cervical carcinoma. Upon the administration of crude ethanol extract of S. nigrum for longer duration on protein content of liver and kidney at the level of 250mg/kg b. wt. for three, five and seven days respectively revealed a significant increase in protein contents of kidney and liver. Due to having many therapeutically active properties, it creates an interest for its extraction. In this article we will highlight on the ethno pharmacological relevance, extraction procedure, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, phytochemical screening of Solanum nigrum.