Vol. 8, Issue 2 (2019)

Author(s):
Deepika Kapoor, Sanjiv Kalia and Ankit Kalia

Abstract:
Antibiotic resistance poses a great problem in curing the diseases which are normally cured by use of antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance can affect anyone, in any age and even in any area worldwide. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are those bacteria which are not controlled or even not killed by an antibiotic. Antibiotic resistance occurs naturally but prolonged use of antibiotics or misuse of antibiotics in human or animals can accelerate this process. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBLs) is an enzyme which is made by some bacteria that are able to hydrolyze extended spectrum of Cephalosporins and also inhibited Clavulanic acid. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase was first reported in 1983. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase is that enzyme which is responsible for the cause of hospital-acquired infection. Beta-lactam antibiotic is used to treat the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, but beta-lactamases produced by Gram-negative organisms. GIT plays an important role in the development of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms in humans and animals. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase infection may spread through in the environment through contaminated feces in which E. coli or other bacteria are present. About 630 samples were collected and after proceeding they all were analyzed by standard microbiological techniques. The result showed that 158 samples were given positive and rest of 472 samples had no growth.