Vol. 8, Issue 2 (2019)

Author(s):
W Nisa, V Nisa, SA Nagoo and ZA Dar

Abstract:
Drought is one of the most important phenomena which limit crops’ production and yield, Crops demonstrate various morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses to tackle drought stress, Plant’s vegetative and reproductive stages are intensively influenced by drought stress, Drought tolerance is a complicated trait which is controlled by polygenes and their expressions are influenced by various environmental elements, In wheat, there are several genes which are responsible for drought stress tolerance and produce different types of enzymes and proteins for instance, late embryogenesis abundant (lea), responsive to abscisic acid (Rab), proline, glutathione-S-transferase (GST),and carbohydrates during drought stress, Drought stress can also influence plants in terms of protein changes, antioxidant production, osmotic adjustment, hormone composition, root depth and extension, opening and closing of stomata, cuticle thickness, inhibition of photosynthesis, decrease in chlorophyll content, reduction in transpiration, and growth inhibition (Yordanov et al) to stand with some osmotic changes in their organs, Drought affects photosynthesis negatively by changing inner structure of chloroplast, destruction of photosystem II releasing complex can disturb production and use of electrons, causing lipid peroxidation thus reduction in biomass and in turn yield,