Vol. 8, Issue 3 (2019)

Author(s):
Krishnadutt Pratihast, Rajneesh Kumar and Sudhanshu Kumar Bharti

Abstract:
The present study was designed with the aim to evaluate and compare the effects of ethanolic (EtOH) and aqueous (H₂O) extracts of Tinospora cardifolia (Menispermaceae) plant extract according to phytochemical aspects for antibacterial efficacies. Phytochemical screening of the plant extract showed the presence of different percentage of active phytochemicals such as alkaloid, flavonoid, phenolic, saponin, tannin etc. The phenolic content of ethanolic extract was found to be 10.2 mg GAL/g while 8.2 mg GAL/g per gram dry weight basis for aqueous extract. The flavonoid content of ethanolic extract in terms of quercetin equivalent was found to be 0.32 mg/g while for aqueous extract it was found to be 1.15. The IC₅₀ value of ethanolic extract was found to be 0.2498 µg/ml while that in water was found to be 0.2890 µg/ml. The alcoholic extracts at 50 µg/ml showed an antioxidant effect of 59.10% comparing with the high antioxidant effect of ascorbic acid. At 500 mg/ml concentration, the ethanolic extract showed maximum zone of inhibition of 10.5 mm, 12.5 mm, 15.5 mm and 14.5 mm on Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi respectively.The ethanolic extract and aqueous extracts in agar diffusion test at the concentrations of 250 mg/ml and 125 mg/ml also showed an effectual zone of inhibition against all tested micro-organisms. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) as well as minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) in µg/ml of investigated plant extract against bacterial strains of E. coli has been found to be 62.5 µg/ml.