Vol. 8, Issue 3 (2019)

Author(s):
Syed Moinuddin, SM Hasan Razvi, M Shanawaz Uddin, Mohd Fazil, SM Shahidulla and M Mustaneer Akmal

Abstract:
Nasal drug administration has been used as an alternative route for the systemic availability of drugs restricted to intravenous administration. This is due to the large surface area, porous endothelial membrane, high total blood flow, the avoidance of first-pass metabolism, and ready accessibility. Nasal route is alternative to parenteral therapy and also useful for long term therapy. Nasal mucosa is highly vascularised and most permeable giving rapid absorption and onset of action. Nasal route is non invasive, widely used for the local treatment may also be used for systemic therapy as drug directly goes in systemic circulation. Nasal route gives good absorption of small molecules, than that of large molecules can be increased by absorption promoters. In this article an overview of intranasal drug delivery with its various aspects like factors affecting nasal absorption, strategies to improve bioavailability are discussed.