Vol. 8, Issue 4 (2019)

Author(s):
Renjith J and Dr. V Ganesan

Abstract:
The study on “Evaluation of suspected Adverse Drug Reactions of antimicrobial drugs was conducted at a tertiary care hospital” in north Malabar region in Kerala. The investigation was done for a period of 8 months from May 2017 to January 2018. A total of 21 adverse drug reactions were detected and studied during this period. System most commonly affected by adverse reaction was the gastrointestinal system in 80% patients. The drug class mostly associated with adverse reactions were tetracyclins and oxazolidinediones. The study reveal that female patients 10(52.6%) had more prevalence of ADR over male patients 9 (47.4%). Age wise distribution shows that ADR occurrence in age group 50-59 years (26.3%). Drug was withdrawn in 10 cases 47.61% and symptomatic treatment were given for 11 patients (52.38%). Rate of reporting various health professionals were observed - physicians 12 (57.1%), nurses 7 (33%), pharmacist 2 (9.5%). Causality assessment was done using Naranjo and WHO scale. The result in Naranjo scale reveal that 18 (85%) of reactions was probable, and 3 (14.28%) of possible. While using WHO scale 90% was probable and 9.52% possible, and in modified Hartwig and Seigel scale level of severity mild 9(42.8%) and moderate (54.1%), modified Schumoch and Thornton scale for preventability found that preventable (20) 95.23%, definitely preventable (1) 4.68%. Adverse drug reactions to antibiotics are common in health system and should promote spontaneous reporting of ADR to antibiotics. Proper documentation and periodic reporting to regional pharmacovigilance centres would ensure drug safety.