Vol. 10, Issue 6 (2021)

Author(s):
Sapna Rajderkar and Dr. SB Sakhare

Abstract:
In the present investigation, the mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of a physical mutagen i.e. Gamma rays and chemical mutagen i.e. Ethyl Methane Sulphonate was studied in the Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merill.) varieties JS-335 and JS-9560. The seeds of soybean varieties JS-335 and JS-9560 were mutagenised with the increasing doses of gamma rays 10kR, 20kR, 30kR and 40kR and Ethyl Methane Sulphonate 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.4%. The effectiveness and efficiency was determined by accounting lethality and seedling injury in M₁ generation of mutagenised seeds and frequency and spectrum of chlorophyll mutations in M₂ generation. The increasing doses of mutagens decreased plant survival and seedling height. Five types of chlorophyll mutants albina, xantha, chlorine, striata and xanths-viridis were screened in M₂ progeny. It was observed that the frequency of mutations increased with increasing doses of mutagen. The higher mutation frequency was noticed in chemical mutagen than physical mutagen. The highest mutagenic effectiveness was recorded 2.5% in 0.2% EMS and lowest 0.02% in 30kR dose of gamma rays. Whereas maximum mutagenic efficiency was recorded 0.23% in 10kR and minimum 0.13% in 40kR dose of gamma rays. Thus the lower doses of mutagen were effective and efficient than the higher doses in both varieties of JS-335 and JS-9560 and Chemical mutagen EMS found more effective and efficient mutagen in soybean than physical mutagen gamma rays which may create genetic variability.