Vol. 10, Issue 9 (2021)

Author(s):
Muniya Rani, Pragati Choudhry, Anil Kumar and Vinod Chhokar

Abstract:
Aloe vera is a potent source of active ingredients. Saponins are considered the most active secondary metabolites, accountable for the pharmacological properties of Aloe vera. The conventional maceration method was optimized to prepare the saponin-rich extract. HPLC method was optimized with a detection wavelength of 235 nm, 1.0 ml/min flow rate with 35% acetonitrile as mobile phase, and injection volume of 10 μl at 20 °C column temperature. The method was calibrated by analyzing five standard samples with a known amount of purified saponin concentration 0.2 mg/ml to 1 mg/ml with good linear regression (r2=0.99) and a retention time at 1.9 min. The estimated saponin content ranged from 0.021 mg/g to 0.414 mg/g in different tissues of Aloe vera. Phytochemical screening of crude extracts was done by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer. FTIR spectra of all the test samples of Aloe vera, i.e., whole leaf, gel, leaf peel, sap, and root, showed –OH, -C=O, C-H, and C=C absorptions, which are typical characteristics group of saponins. So tissue-specific quantification of saponin would be a quick reference for biochemical characterization in Aloe vera.