Vol. 10, Issue 10 (2021)

Author(s):
S Saranya, MS Aneesa Rani, M Raveendran, R Kalaiyarasi and J Auxcilia

Abstract:
Domesticated bananas and plantains are mainly triploids (AAA, AAB, ABB genomes) and develop fruit by vegetative parthenocarpy. Collection, conversation, characterization of banana germplasm is one of the most important breeding approach. Molecular characterization of germplasm using DNA marker is always reliable because it does not get influenced by external environmental factors. A total of 191 germplasm accessions were screened using 10 ISSR markers, a total of 37 polymorphic bands were obtained with an average of 3.7 amplified bands per primer. The average PIC of the germplasm accessions was 0.3751 and its ranges from 0.1403 (IS-13) to 0.4752 (UBC- 811). The percent polymorphism was observed the highest in IS-13 (83.33%) and the lowest was found in UBC 811 (40%). Dendrogram analysis grouped this 191 genotypes into three major clusters and several subclusters. The major cluster I consists of 5 genotypes, cluster II includes 118 genotypes and cluster III consists of 69 genotypes. The genotypes which presented higher similarity are allocated under same the cluster. Here in the present study the genotypes Dakshin sagar (ABB) and Bhimkol (BB), BCB-1(ABB), Bhimkol(BB), M.B. Sawai (BB), H 96/7 (AB) are genetically dissimilar and have wide genetic variation. Thus, they can be exploited for further banana improvement programme.