Vol. 11, Special Issue 1 (2022)

Author(s):
AL Upadhyay, SKS Rajpoot, N Prakash and RA Singh

Abstract:
Production Oriented Survey (POS) on rice cultivation was conducted by Crop Research Station, Ghaghraghat, Bahraich to under programme of AICRP, Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during kharif, 2020. Production oriented survey was conducted in five districts viz., Bahraich, Barabanki, Gonda, Balrampur and Shravasti when the crops were in tillering to booting or grain filling to maturity stage. Predominant rice varieties were HYVs like NDR 359, Sarjoo 52, Samba Mahsuri, Jalpriya, Jalmagna, Lalmati, Madhukar and Pusa Basmati 1 and hybrids like Arize 6444 and Arize 6444 Gold. Different cropping system followed by the farmers were rice-wheat, rice-wheat-black gram, rice-vegetables, ricesugarcane/lentil, rice-wheat-mentha, rice-lentil+mustard, rice-pea + mustard, ricewheat+mustard-green gram, rice-lentil, rice-lentil + mustard + vegetables and others. Biotic stresses like diseases sheath blight and bacterial leaf blight and insects stem borer, leaf folder and gundhi bug were observed from low to moderate intensity. Blast was severe in some fields in Barabanki and Shravasti and brown spot was severe in some areas in Gonda and Shravasti. High intensity of sheath blight was recorded in some fields in Bahraich. Intensity of other diseases and insect pests was low to moderate. Application chemical pesticides were not common among the farmers. In some fields symptoms of zinc deficiency were noticed. However, false smut was noticed in the late maturing/hybrids rice varieties from severe intensity in all the surveyed districts. Among weeds observed were Echinochloa colona, Eclipta alba, E. crusgalli, Cyperus iria, C. rotundus, Cloeme viscosa, Fimbristylis dichotoma and Paspalum distichum. Farmers were using weedicides like butachlor, pretilachlor, bispyribac sodium and 2, 4-D to control the weed infestation in rice crop. Shortage of farm labourers coupled with higher labour wages are the major constraint in rice production in the surveyed districts.