Vol. 11, Special Issue 2 (2022)

Author(s):
Nistha Yadav, Urmila Pannu, Kajal Yadav, Shivani Malpotra, Dumne Pravinkumar Ram and Kangabam Bidyalaxmi

Abstract:
Genome editing especially CRISPR/Cas9 is a suite of state-of-the-art reproductive technologies for on farm genetic improvement to sustain germline of economically important livestock species. As a consequence of specified straightforwardness and extent in functioning of CRISPR-Cas tool, it can be anticipated that a considerable number of genome-edited livestock will dominate over the next decade for the perfection not only in human beings but also in animal population. Animal breeders can now selectively and proficiently modify animal DNA by adopting this influential skill. This tool has aimed for maintaining the present beneficial potential in chief genetic characteristics of the herd and to bring in more desirable traits such as polled, thermo-resilient and disease tolerant animals with clear-cut genetic modification to eliminate harmful recessive lethal genetic mutations. Conventional breeding and selection methods for genetic modification are limited by available genetic design in terms of linkage and variant within the variety. In livestock, the CRISPR/Cas system has capability to generate single step alteration in pleotrophic and polymorphic traits with multiple genes and directly amend genetic mutations in target tissues and cells to assist conventional management. Genome editing permit animal breeders to bring in diverse polymorphisms in the gene pool of elite stock by conquering all spatiotemporal biological barriers to direct increased profits in animal based food products.