Vol. 11, Special Issue 6 (2022)

Author(s):
Kashyap Partap Singh and Nitin Changade

Abstract:
Drip irrigation is an essential tool for addressing the world's water scarcity. Systems that control water flow to the plants from the lateral are termed emitters or drippers. Row crops may benefit from more closely placed emitters for watering. The quantity of water in the soil is referred to as soil moisture. Vertical soil moisture transport was stronger in loamy soil at a higher velocity, but the wetted radius was bigger at lower leakage currents. Soil moisture distribution for various emitter discharge rates, emitter spacing, better irrigation design, drip irrigation depths is varied as per the soil properties. Soil moisture distribution also depends of uniformity coefficient, emission uniformity of emitters and this hydraulics could be affect due to emitter clogging, discharge variation and types of emitters. Emitter clogging is a serious issue in micro-irrigation systems which is caused by a variety of chemical, physical, and biological factors acting alone or in combination. The problem of drip irrigation emitter clogging, on the other hand, has a direct impact on the regularity and effectiveness of system. In this review paper, soil moisture distribution were studied at different drip irrigation parameter i.e lateral spacing, depth, emitter spacing, discharge and observed that the good soil moisture distribution was observed at closely lateral spacing, emitter spacing as well as it is depend on textural classification of soil. The emitter clogging is the key factor of system efficiency and could be reduced by using good quality of water.