Vol. 11, Special Issue 7 (2022)

Author(s):
Vipul Kumar Rawal

Abstract:
Legumes are regarded as a very good source of proteins to humans as well as animals. Legumes help in achieving the goals of food security in India by providing rid of malnutrition, hunger, starvation, etc. because of their protein value. Along with proteins, various vitamins and other micronutrients and macronutrients are present in the legumes which fulfil the nutritional requirement. Legumes like chickpea, lentils, soybean, mung bean, and groundnut, etc. are the plants that help in the biological nitrogen fixation of the nitrogen. So, the plant which helps in biological nitrogen fixation suffered from the deficiencies of sulphur, phosphorus, and potassium, etc. Due to the lack of all these macronutrients, the biological nitrogen fixation got affected and directly affects the host plant. Even the year 2016 is also regarded as the international year of pulses mainly the grain legumes. Leguminous crops contain leguminous bacteria in their nodules which helps in fixing nitrogen. The sulphur oxidizing bacteria is important for the leguminous crop because it maintains the amount of sulphur in soil along with this it also fulfils the nitrogen requirement. The sulphur oxidizing bacteria maintain the symbiotic nitrogen fixation in legumes and therefore maintain the yield. This review paper discusses the importance of leguminous crops in food security for future perspective, importance, and role of sulphur in leguminous crops by improving the soil health and environment. So, the application of bio fertilizers and mainly the sulphur oxidizing bacteria is important to increase production.