Vol. 11, Special Issue 7 (2022)

Author(s):
Priya, Dharambir Singh, Vikram Delu, Kiran Yodha, Tejpal Dahiya, Amit Kour and Nikita Punia

Abstract:
Agricultural ornithology describes relationship between birds and agro ecosystems; it’s an emerging field of keen interest among ornithologists of agriculture dominating countries. Indian subcontinent provides habitat to about 1300 resident or migratory bird species (13% of the world’s avifauna) including 141 endemic species. Agro-ecosystems are mainly dominated by granivorous, insectivorous and omnivorous species and gets food in the form of seeds, grains, fruits, insects and rodents. A huge diversity can be observed at roosting sites based on the species-specific preference for a particular habitat, safety and need of the food and water sources. Economic ornithology accounts for costs and benefits of avian species to mankind and resources like agriculture, horticulture, sports and trade etc. Ecosystem services by birds are pest control, scavenging, pollination, seed dispersal etc. and are imperious for nature and mankind. Predatory and insectivorous birds play vital roles for biocontrol services in agricultural landscapes possibly leading to an increase in agricultural yield. This review concludes with cost benefit assessment of avifauna in agriculture, ecosystem services rendered by birds, sustainable pest management and conservation practices.