Vol. 11, Special Issue 9 (2022)

Author(s):
Dr. VK Gond, Dr. Nirbhay Kumar, Dr. Dhiraj Kumar, Dr. C Jayachandran, Dr. RK Sharma, Dr. K Shrman and Dr. P Mishra

Abstract:
The present study was conducted to reveal the disposition kinetics of enrofloxacin (ENR) and its active metabolite ciprofloxacin (CPR) in healthy goats following single intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM) and oral administration at the dose rate of 5 mg.kg^-1 body weight. Blood samples were collected at time intervals of 0.042, 0.083, 0.125, 0.333, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 24 hours post drug administration. On the basis of a semi-log plot of the plasma drug concentration versus time curve, the pharmacokinetic parameters of ENR were estimated by IV, IM and oral routes. ENR metabolized to CPR, also exerts potential antimicrobial activity at very low concentration. The two-compartment open model for ENR (IV route), the one-compartment open model (IM and oral routes) and non-compartmental analysis for CPR provided best results for the experimental data. The therapeutic concentration of ENR (³ 0.125 µg.ml^-1) was maintained till 24 hours after a single intravenous and 12 hours after intramuscular and oral dosage, respectively. The mean elimination (t_½ β) half-lives after IV, IM and oral administration were 3.93±0.46, 3.10±0.34 and 2.94±0.16 h, respectively, while the mean residential time (MRT) was 4.58±0.63, 5.54±1.13 and 4.62±0.18 h. Following IM and oral dosing, the mean bioavailability (F) was 84.46^±10.12 and 63.68±1.59, respectively. In comparison to IV, IM and oral routes of drug administration, the elimination rate constant and half-life (t_½ β), total body clearance (Cl_B), were found to be significant. The absorption rate constant (a), Vd_area, and MRT were found to be non-significant. It can be concluded that enrofloxacin may therefore be successful in treating susceptible bacterial infections in goats whether administered intravenously, intramuscularly or orally given at a dose level of 5 mg.kg^-1 body weight twice daily.