Vol. 11, Special Issue 10 (2022)

Author(s):
Bharat Garg, Shikha Yashveer, Jayanti Tokas, Ashmita, Prakhar Singla and Jyoti Duhan

Abstract:
The present study was conducted at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, during rabi 2020-21 to estimate and compare the biochemical characteristics in the vegetative and maturity stage using 58 wheat genotypes. Biochemical screening is vital to know the content of antioxidants, osmolytes, and enzymes, which play a critical role in stress conditions. Varieties that show more range of these biochemical traits have more potential to resist the stress conditions, so these varieties are also included in the selection process of fungal disease-resistant types. In the present study, five biochemical traits were used for biochemical screening that was total phenolic content (TPC) determined by using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, total flavonoid content (TFC) by using aluminum chloride method, proline content, glycine betaine, and tyrosine ammonia lyase (TAL). These biochemical tests were done at vegetative (VS) and maturity stages (MS). In the vegetative stage, the range for total phenols was found to be 0.41 to 4.74 mg CE/g, for total flavonoids 0.30 to 6.97 mg QE/g, for proline content 0.07 to 0.45 mg /g, for glycine betaine 0.59 to 9.59 mg /g DW and TAL enzyme 1.45 to 12.43 µmole/h/g. In the maturity stage, the range for total phenols was found to be 1.07 to 6.17 mg CE/g, for total flavonoids 1.07 to 9.18 mg QE/g, for proline content 0.08 to 0.55 mg /g, for glycine betaine 2.67 to 4.24 mg /g and TAL enzyme 1.74 to 12.10 µmole/h/g. Results showed that the maturity stage is characterized by the highest contents of biochemical parameters and is directly associated with grain yield. Therefore it could be considered the best stage for studying stress conditions.