Vol. 11, Special Issue 10 (2022)

Author(s):
Dr. Ranganath GJ, Dr. Prathviraj, Dr. Chandrashekara N, Harish DK and Dr. Ramesh D

Abstract:
Reproductive inefficiency of cattle is due to repeat breeding and anoestrous syndrome which is expensive hitch in profitable dairy production as the age at first calving in heifers is delayed and the inter-calving interval is extended, thus results in lowering of calf production, milk production and leading to huge economic losses to the dairy farmers. Animals having problems of reproductive failure, presented during clinical examination or during infertility camps from different taluks like Sirsi, Siddapura, Yellapura, Mundagod, Haliyal, Kumta, Honnavara and Ankola of Uttara Kannada districts were included in the study. The present research work has been carried out in order to assess the causes for reproductive failure associate with dairy animals of different breed, age, lactation also the representative serum samples of the affected animals were analysed for different biochemical parameters in the Uttara Kannada district of coastal Karnataka. The outcome of the present study revealed that the cows comprised of 78.7% (77 animals) and buffaloes 21.2% (21 animals) of the cases. The incidence of the reproductive failure was higher in HF crossbred cows (41.4%), followed by Jersey cross bred cows (32.3%), buffalo (21.2%) and lowest in Native cows (5.0%). In the current study the percentage of repeat breeding in heifers are 30.61% and in First to third lactation animals it is 31.63%, fourth to sixth lactation it is 34.69% and in more than sixth lactation it 3.07%. However the prevalence of rate of repeat breeding, anoestrous and Abortions are 52.04%, 44.89%, and 3.06% respectively. The major causes for repeat breeding are delayed ovulation (53.8%), followed by anovulation (28.8%), endometritis (11.5%) and cystic ovarian diseases (9.6%). The major causes for anestrous are functional hormonal deficit (43.1%), followed by nutritional deficiency (36.3%), underdeveloped gonads (15.9%) and persistent CL or luteal cysts (4.5%). It is also suggested from the current study that it is advisable provide balanced ration to animals as per recommendations of bureau of Indian standards additional supplementation of Mineral and vitamin mixture for better reproductive efficiency.