Vol. 11, Special Issue 11 (2022)

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a commonly encountered problem in canine practice and associated with significant haematological and biochemical abnormalities. The aim of this investigation was to identify the clinical signs, haemato-biochemical and oxidative alterations in dogs affected with chronic kidney disease. Twenty-two dogs affected with CKD were evaluated. All affected animals had microcytic hypochromic and non-regenerative anaemia. Haemoglobin (7.96±0.33g/dl), PCV (26.58±5.8%), TEC (4.39±0.16 x10⁶ cells/µl) and platelet count (112±8.62 x10³ cells/µl) were reduced significantly in CKD patients as compared to healthy animals. TLC count and neutrophil percentage were significantly increased in affected dogs. Serum creatinine (7.52±1.09 mg/dl) and BUN level (286.35±35.16 mg/dl) was increased significantly, whereas, serum total protein and albumin level were decreased, but statistically non-significant. Serum electrolyte estimation revealed hyperphosphatemia (6.99±0.04 mg/dl), hyperkalaemia, hyponatremia, and hypocalcaemia. There was a significant reduction in catalase, SOD, and GSH level and increase in LPO level (7.99±0.37 nmol MDA/mg of Hb) indicating severe oxidative injury to tissues and RBCs, and associated with severity of the disease. In conclusion, these serum and haematological markers provided important information regarding pathogenesis and disease progression of CKD, and should be evaluated in these patients while adopting appropriate treatment protocol