Vol. 12, Special Issue 7 (2023)

Author(s):
Gowhar Iqbal, Shafiya Mushtaq, Lukram Sushil Singh and Ad. Viral Kumar Ganpatbhai

Abstract:
In recent years, there has been an increase in emerging and re-emerging diseases that have resulted in significant economic losses for various global aquaculture industries. Aquatic fungi are frequently regarded as secondary tissue invaders that occur after traumatic injuries, pathogenic agents, or environmental conditions such as poor water quality or low temperatures. Many fungi are common in the aquatic environment because they feed on decomposing organic waste. Saprolegnia and other Oomycota members are fungus-like protists. Although there have been several reports of various Achlya species infecting fish, there is no persistent and routinely reported clinical disease like Saprolegnia. Branchiomycosis, or gill rot, is a parasite of fish gill tissue. Fungal infection also occurs in shellfish like crab, lobster, and shrimp. However, frequent illnesses and epi zoonosis are considered one of the main production bottlenecks. The disease is thought to contribute 10-50% of the cost of production. The most prevalent disease affecting temperate fish is fungal infection (also known as mycosis). The growth of fish disease is posing new obstacles and causing economic losses, particularly as fish mortality rises.