Vol. 12, Special Issue 7 (2023)

Author(s):
Dr. Manish Kumar, Dr. Pooja and Dr. Shikha Tamta

Abstract:
Numerous microorganisms are present in the female cow's reproductive system from an early age. Other dangerous microorganisms can occasionally enter the genital canal and result in illnesses that reduce fertility. Normally, commensal microorganisms support genital tract homeostasis and generate substances that arouse male sex. Typically, the vaginal microbiota of healthy women has low diversity in relation to This diversity is in line with the low pH (4.5) that is maintained by the various prominent Lactobacillus species' production of lactic acid, which is thought to limit the colonization of vaginal infections. Not all Lactobacillus, meanwhile, are thought to be similarly advantageous. Even before calving, the vaginal microbiome of cattle is already developed. Unavoidable microbial inflow into the reproductive system of cows during calving or mating is likely to change the composition of the commensal microflora. Uterine bacterial microbiota in healthy and metritic postpartum dairy cows: a metagenomic investigation. These bacteria are crucial for immunomodulation, pathogen defence, and maintaining the vaginal mucosal barrier's structural integrity. Furthermore, a male and a female's semichemical communication is facilitated by the genital microbiota. To support the health of the female vaginal tract, the microbiome must have an ideal balance between its variety and abundance. Dysbiosis, genital infections, and disturbed fertility result from the disruption of this equilibrium. Animal antibiotic usage must be decreased as part of the worldwide One World, One Health initiative. This field of study has the potential to add to our understanding of the relationship between the endometrial microbiome and fertility, particularly how it functions probiotically in various species.