Vol. 12, Special Issue 8 (2023)

Author(s):
Sandeep Deshmukh and Monica Singh

Abstract:
This research paper delves into the intricate relationship between the socioeconomic status of disadvantaged groups and their corresponding livelihood patterns, focusing on Ratnagiri district in India. Drawing inspiration from existing research, this study aims to comprehend the diverse challenges faced by these marginalized communities and their strategies for economic survival. By adopting a mixed-methods approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques, the research uncovers a multifaceted narrative. The study's findings reveal that the majority of the Scheduled Caste (SC) beneficiaries in the district had educational attainment up to secondary levels, with minimal representation in higher education. Housing conditions varied, with a majority having permanent housing structures attributed to government housing schemes. However, the study highlights the lack of socio-political participation among the SC population, emphasizing the need for empowerment strategies. In terms of livelihood patterns, the dominance of wage labor and agriculture emerges as a key feature. Limited access to resources and education confines many to wage labor, while rainfed farming remains a primary occupation. Moreover, the prevalence of landlessness, low income, and limited access to basic amenities underpins the overall socioeconomic challenges faced by these groups. The study also explores the livelihood patterns of disadvantaged households, revealing the significance of agriculture, animal husbandry, and forest-based activities. The prevalence of seasonal migration as a secondary livelihood underscores the vulnerabilities faced by these households. This research contributes to the discourse on the socioeconomic dynamics and livelihood pattern of disadvantaged groups in Ratnagiri district.