Vol. 12, Special Issue 9 (2023)

Author(s):
Akshata Patil, Jayanthi KV, Sahana VN, Ganesh, Chandana Sree Chinnareddyvari, Jayashri Mahadev Swamy, Preeti and Rajeshwari

Abstract:
The article explores the ground breaking hybridoma technology, pioneered by Cesar Milstein and Georges Kohler in the mid-1970s. This innovative approach streamlined the creation of monoclonal antibodies tailored to precise antigenic reactivity. Prior to this breakthrough, researchers relied on polyclonal antibodies, which lacked consistency and specificity. Hybridoma technology involves combining immortal myeloma cells with antibody-producing B cells results in the creation of hybridoma cell lines capable of producing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). The article explains the principle of hybridoma technology, detailing the steps from immunization and cell fusion to antibody production and purification. It highlights the advantages of mAbs over polyclonal antibodies, including high specificity and reproducibility. Applications of mAbs in immunodiagnostics, experimental research, and immunotherapy are explored. The article emphasizes the importance of hybridoma technology in scientific advancements and medical practices, while acknowledging challenges and limitations. Overall, hybridoma technology remains a fundamental tool in antibody generation, contributing significantly to various fields.