Vol. 12, Special Issue 10 (2023)

Author(s):
Charishma DS, VB Kuligod, SS Gundlur, MB Doddamani and MP Potdar

Abstract:
This study presents a detailed comparative analysis of Vertisols, Ultisols, and Alfisols, the three dominant soil orders in northern Karnataka, India. Each soil type exhibits distinct physical characteristics within the 0-15 cm depth range. Vertisols are fine-textured with high clay content, showcasing higher water-holding capacity. Ultisols, conversely, feature coarser texture, lower water-holding capacity, and reduced nutrient availability, likely due to intensified weathering. Alfisols exhibits a balance, with well-structured soils with effective root penetration. Physico-chemically, Vertisols demonstrate slightly alkaline pH, elevated cation exchange capacity, and substantial base saturation. Ultisols showcase a acidic pH range, lower organic carbon content, and decreased nutrient availability, indicative of more intense weathering. Alfisols maintain slightly alkaline conditions with intermediate nutrient availability. In terms of available nutrients, Vertisols exhibited significant variability in both macro and micronutrients on other hand, Ultisols had higher nitrogen content but notable variability in phosphorus and potassium, while Alfisols maintain relatively consistent nitrogen levels. These findings highlight the importance of understanding soil variability for informed agricultural practices. Adopting the strategies to the unique attributes of each soil type is essential for optimizing agricultural productivity and ensuring long-term soil health in northern Karnataka. This comparative analysis provides valuable insights for implementing effective soil management practices, ultimately contributing to sustainable agriculture in the region.