Vol. 12, Special Issue 10 (2023)

Author(s):
Preeti, Anand, Sahana VN, Akshata Patil, Rajeshwari and Anjali

Abstract:
Endometritis is a frequent adverse effect of reproduction, but ongoing inflammation puts pregnancy at risk. One of the main issues with a mare's reproductive health has been identified as persistent endometritis. Transient endometritis is required for the removal of dead spermatozoa and germs, however in a small percentage of mares, the inflammation does not go away quickly. The likelihood of developing persistent breeding-induced endometritis depends on many factors, including age, reproductive history, and endometrial quality. Seminal plasma mediates the immune response to mating because of its ability to protect live spermatozoa and because it aids the mare's immune system in identifying and attacking dead spermatozoa. Despite the fact that the adaptive immune response has been linked to the response to breeding, the innate immune response and mechanical clearance are the key mechanisms postulated to work to clear endometritis. Compared to mares who are resistant to chronic breeding-induced endometritis, vulnerable mares show a different post-breeding innate immune response. Numerous techniques and technologies are utilized to identify and treat chronic endometritis. Research on the ethology, pathophysiology, and therapies of persistent breeding-induced endometritis is compiled in this review of the literature.