Vol. 12, Special Issue 11 (2023)

Author(s):
Guramrit Kaur, Hemant and Gurshaminder Singh

Abstract:
In the verdant fields surrounding Kharar town under the Municipal Corporation of Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar (Mohali) in Punjab, a pioneering study has been conducted by students from the University Institute of Agriculture Sciences, Chandigarh University Gharuan. Focused on primary data collected through socio-economic surveys in nearby villages, this study delves into various aspects such as socio-economic status, soil agronomic practices, cropping patterns, and soil sampling. The socio-economic survey covered a spectrum of elements, including socio-economic status, crop diversity, economic viability, and other relevant parameters related to agriculture. More than 125 farmers participated in the study, providing qualitative and quantitative data through comprehensive questionnaires and interactions. The questionnaire explored the socio-economic profiles of farmers, encompassing family composition, academic qualifications, caste system, income percentages, landholding capacity, and other critical information. Additionally, it investigated social participation, sources of agricultural information, and engagement in extension activities. Through surveys and interviews conducted at farmers' homes, it was revealed that the literacy rate in the surveyed villages was approximately 90%. About 45% percent of farmers were categorized as medium farmers, while thirty percent were considered marginal farmers. Additionally, 10% of farmers leased land for cultivation. Notably, 90% of farmers were present on social media platforms, indicating a high level of digital connectivity in the region. The study identified challenges such as a lack of knowledge about the latest agricultural technologies, rainwater harvesting techniques, and the application of bio-control. Furthermore, it emphasized the need for adequate policy prioritization, focusing on agricultural components, and optimizing resource utilization to address the identified challenges. To address these challenges and promote sustainable agriculture, students organized campaigns, rallies, and awareness cum training programs in collaboration with Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kurali (GADVASU, Ludhiana), and the Department of Agriculture, Punjab. These initiatives included the presentation of different models, extension activities, and providing guidance at the university level. The study not only sheds light on the socio-economic landscape of farmers in Punjab but also underscores the importance of innovation, awareness, and community engagement in sustainable agriculture. By identifying challenges and implementing solutions, the study contributes to the ongoing efforts to enhance agricultural practices and uplift the economic status of farmers in the region.