Vol. 12, Special Issue 12 (2023)

Author(s):
Karthik Chittibomma, Devarasetti Venkata Sai, Hayam Boboy Singh, Merugu Ganesh Reddy and C Sai Vaishnavi

Abstract:
The emergence of nano-bio stimulants into modern agriculture holds great promise for revolutionizing crop production and enhancing sustainability. Their nano-sized particles offer unique properties that can enhance nutrient uptake, boost plant growth, and mitigate environmental stress. As a result, they have the potential to reduce the reliance on conventional agricultural inputs, such as fertilizers and pesticides, thereby diminishing the environmental burden associated with their production and application. Moreover, nano-bio stimulants have shown promise in improving soil health by fostering beneficial microbial communities and facilitating carbon sequestration, contributing to long-term sustainability. Nanoparticles, a core component of nano-bio stimulants, raise concerns regarding their potential toxicity to both plants and non-target organisms including soil fauna, aquatic life, and beneficial insects. Previously only a few reviews were available, particularly focusing on the environmental impacts associated with nano-bio stimulants. Considering the dearth of available work this paper underscores the multifaceted nature of the environmental impacts associated with nano-bio stimulants. The paper begins by exploring the mechanisms underlying nano-bio stimulant action and their interactions with plants, soil, and microorganisms. It examines how these interactions can influence nutrient cycling, water quality, and overall ecosystem health. It also explores the complex dynamics of nanoparticle transport, fate, and accumulation in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, recognizing the gaps in our understanding of their long-term effects. Suggestions and policy implications for a sustainable approach to using nano-bio stimulants to achieve a stress-free environment are also discussed. However, the responsible utilization of these innovative technologies demands a comprehensive assessment of their environmental consequences.