Vol. 12, Special Issue 12 (2023)

Author(s):
Jayashree Anandakumar, Raaga Rajkumar, Kuralayanapalya Puttahonnappa Suresh and Sharanagouda S Patil

Abstract:
This study explores anthrax-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among 49 participants, divided into anthrax-experienced (37%) and anthrax-non-experienced (63%) groups. Gender disparities are evident, with a male predominance in both groups, potentially linked to sheep farming. Anthrax-experienced individuals show diverse ages, while non-experienced participants are concentrated in the 41-50 age range. Varied education and farming experiences highlight potential correlations with anthrax exposure. Livestock holdings indicate higher risk for smaller-scale farmers, and migration patterns raise questions about their role in anthrax transmission. The KAP survey reveals significant disparities. Anthrax-experienced participants demonstrate higher awareness (100%) and understanding of the disease (61.11%) than non-experienced individuals. While clinical signs in animals are universally known among the anthrax-experienced (100%), a gap exists in understanding zoonotic transmission (55.55%). Limited awareness of clinical signs in humans is observed in both groups. Higher attendance in vaccination awareness programs is noted among the anthrax-experienced (94.44%). Attitudinally, the anthrax-experienced group displays heightened vigilance, immediate action, and belief in preventive measures. Practices such as examining animal health and veterinary visits are universal, but disinfection and quarantine practices are more rigorously followed by those with anthrax experience. Both groups unanimously avoid high-risk dead animal meat/undercooked meat. The mean risk of attitude and practices indicates a low level of anthrax occurrence risk in both groups. These findings underscore the impact of first-hand exposure on anthrax-related KAP, emphasizing the need for targeted educational interventions in communities with limited anthrax exposure, contributing valuable insights to public health strategies.