Vol. 12, Special Issue 12 (2023)

Author(s):
Kuldeep Singh, Supriya Shukla, Nidhi Shrivastava, GP Jatav, Rashmi Choudhary, SK Gupta, AK Jayraw, MK Shakya, Vivek Agrawal, Dimpee Singh, Ritesh Verma and Navaneeth Sangamoni

Abstract:
In the present study, 50 cats were examined irrespective of age, sex and breed showing symptoms of haemorrhagic gastroenteritis. Out of these 50 cats, mortality of 5 cats was recorded and subjected to detailed post-mortem examination and samples of intestine, liver, spleen and heart were collected from 5 cats and were screened for gross, histopathological and ultrastructural studies. The confirmation of incidence was done by using sandwich lateral flow immune chromatography assay as per the protocol provided along with PARVO kit. The overall incidence of CPV infection in cats was reported as 10%. Persian female cats were more affected from first month onwards, showing decreased haemato-biochemical values and higher SGPT values indicative of liver damage, along with leukopenia. The values of total protein and potassium levels were less than normal in both Persian and non-descript cat breeds. On histopathology, intestines revealed haemorrhages in the mucosal villi and intervillous crypts, congestion in sub mucosa and serous surfaces, liver had fatty changes with mononuclear periportal infiltration, hyperplasia of splenic trabeculae with infiltration and degeneration, and necrosis of myocytes with haemorrhages, and infiltration was noticed in heart. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed presence of VLPs outside in crypts and inside intestinal epithelial cells, hepatocytes, splenic pulp. Other changes noticed were apoptosis of enterocyte, severe margination of nuclear chromatin, fat bodies disrupted RER and infiltration by lymphocytes. TEM also revealed changes in mitochondria and cytoplasmic organelles with myeline figures and vesicles formation.