Vol. 10, Special Issue 12 (2021)

Author(s):
Neehar Oak and Dr. RS Khillare

Abstract:
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) has been acknowledged as a significantly important disease of epidemic proportions affecting a variety of cloven-footed domesticated and wildlife animal species. It is caused by RNA virus belonging to the family of Picornaviridae. In India, the prevalent serotypes are serotype O, A and Asia 1. It is a highly transmissible virus that has a complex epidemiological cycle differing in various Indian endemic regions involving close contact between wildlife and domesticated species. The economic significance of FMD outbreaks in India is massive because of its chronic, production hampering nature of virulence. Different approaches for prevention and control strategies for FMD include continuous monitoring and disease surveillance, vaccination of all animals, ideal zoo-sanitary measures, the study of virus transmission dynamics and biosecurity measures.